Bahasa Jepangnya “kerja paksa”

menjalani hukuman penjara; dinas militer; kerja paksa; dinas wajib

penal servitude; military service; forced labor; serving time in prison

perang; kerja wajib tanpa upah; kampanye militer; kerja paksa

war; unpaid work (ritsuryō system); campaign; forced labor

hukuman badan; hukuman penjara; hukuman fisik; kerja paksa

corporal punishment; prison sentence; physical punishment; penal servitude

kerja paksa; kerja paksa seperti perbudakan

forced labor; forced labour; slave labor; slave labour

kerja paksa; tenaga kerja paksa

slave labour; slave labor; compulsory service; forced labour

kerja paksa; kejahatan yang belum terungkap; menjalani hukuman; mengaku bersalah

penal servitude; undetected crime; submitting to a sentence; pleading guilty

kerja paksa; kerja berat

work; labor; labour; toil

hukuman penjara (dengan kerja paksa)

penal servitude; imprisonment with hard labor (hard labour)

kerja paksa di penjara

prison labor; prison labour

kerja paksa sebagai hukuman

penal servitude

orang yang dikerahkan untuk kerja paksa; pengusung tandu; pekerja paksa; pemikul tandu

men pressed into forced labor (ritsuryō system); palanquin bearer (Edo period)

laki-laki wajib pajak dan kerja paksa

men who were subject to taxes and forced labor (ritsuryō system)

kerja paksa bagi rakyat jelata pada zaman Ritsuryō

forced labour (labor) imposed upon commoners (ritsuryō period)

penahanan dan kerja paksa tawanan perang Jepang di Siberia pasca-Perang Dunia II

detention (and use as forced labor) of Japanese prisoners of war in Siberia after World War II

mars kematian; kerja paksa ekstrem; lembur ekstrem

death march; death march (in software development); crunch

pemindahan paksa; pengangkutan tenaga kerja paksa

being moved forcibly, e.g. being carted to a police station, transportation for forced labour, etc.

kerja paksa narapidana

prison labor; prison labour; forced labor; forced labour

perbudakan akibat utang; kerja paksa karena gagal bayar utang

debt bondage (ritsuryō system); forced labor on failure to pay a debt

kamp kerja paksa

labor camp; labour camp

kerja berat; kerja paksa sebagai hukuman; kerja melelahkan; penjara dengan kerja paksa

toil; penal servitude; drudgery; imprisonment (with hard labour)

kerja paksa narapidana; pekerjaan narapidana

penal labour; work assigned to prisoners

tempat berkumpul; kamp kerja paksa untuk gelandangan dan kriminal; gedung pertunjukan; teater varietas

gathering place; labour camp for drifters, criminals, etc. (Edo period); entertainment hall (for rakugo, manzai, magic, music, etc.); vaudeville theater (theatre)

kerja paksa budak

slave labor; slave labour

kamp kerja paksa zaman Edo

labour camp for drifters, criminals, etc. (Edo period)

penjara berat; penjara dengan kerja paksa

major imprisonment; imprisonment with hard labor (hard labour)

penjara seumur hidup tanpa kerja paksa

life imprisonment without work

kerja fisik; kerja paksa oleh pemerintah

physical labor; forced labor imposed by the government (e.g. under the ritsuryō system); physical labour; physical work

kamp kerja paksa penjara

prison labor camp; prison labour camp

penjara ringan; kurungan tanpa kerja paksa

minor imprisonment; imprisonment without hard labor (hard labour)

kerja berat; kerja paksa di penjara; pekerjaan berat

heavy labor; hard labor (in prison); heavy labour; hard labour

kerja paksa oleh pemerintah

forced labor imposed by the government (e.g. under the ritsuryō system)

Gulag; lembaga kamp kerja paksa Soviet

Gulag (Soviet government agency in charge of forced labour camps); GULAG