Arti 擦文文化 (さつもんぶんか, satsumonbunka) dalam Bahasa Indonesia

humaniora dan ilmu sosial; fakultas humaniora; ilmu liberal; fakultas ilmu liberal

humanities and social sciences; faculty of humanities; liberal arts; school of liberal arts

kemerosotan; memburuk; perburukan

deterioration; getting worse; worsening; aggravation

teks bahasa Jepang; kalimat bahasa Jepang

Japanese text; sentence in Japanese

persenyawaan kimia

chemical combination

rias wajah, berdandan

make-up; decoration; makeup; dressing

perubahan; transformasi

change; transformation

lambang keluarga

(family) crest; pattern; playing card suit (in karuta); coat of arms

gesekan; perselisihan

friction; rubbing; discord; chafing

literatur; bahan referensi; dokumen

literature; books (reference); document

perubahan, transformasi

change; variety; inflection; henka

prasasti batu; tugu batu bertulis

stone monument bearing an inscription (esp. memorial for future generations); stele; stela

keluhan; kata-kata

complaint; phrase; grumbling; words