Arti 以降 (いこう, ikou) dalam Bahasa Indonesia

sebelumnya; terlebih dahulu

in advance; beforehand; previously; ahead of time

turun (hujan, salju); turun (hujan, salju, petir)

to fall (of rain, snow, ash, etc.); to form (of frost); to beam down (of sunlight or moonlight); to visit (of luck, misfortune, etc.)

penurunan; penyampaian perintah dari atasan; jatuh; depresi atmosfer

descent; passing down (of an order, decree, etc.); fall; drop

turun (lereng, sungai)

to descend; to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.); to pass (of time); to surrender

keluar dari gundukan; mengundurkan diri; tersingkir; mundur

leaving the mound; resignation; being knocked out; stepping down

kereta arah hilir; menurun; menuju luar kota; ke hilir

down-train; down-slope; downbound (esp. away from Tokyo); downstream

sejak; sejak saat itu; mulai saat itu

since; ever since; henceforth

kurang dari ~; kurang dari; berikut ini

not exceeding ...; below (a standard, level, etc.); the following; including ...

tidak lebih dari…, dalam batas…; dalam batas (waktu/jumlah)

within; inside of; less than

memutuskan; menjatuhkan putusan; menurunkan; melakukan sendiri

to make a decision; to give a judgement; to let go down; to do oneself

turun, keluar dari kendaraan

to descend (e.g. a mountain); to alight (e.g. from bus); to step down; to be granted

penurunan

descent; fall; drop; decline